What is strong, moderate and week electrolytes in physical chemistry ?|physical chemistry

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 What is strong, moderate and week electrolytes in physical chemistry ?


 

        Electrolytes are classified as strong electrolytes, weak electrolytes and moderate electrolytes.

       Strong electrolytes : These are those substances which are almost completely ionizes or dissociates into in the aqueous solution or in the molten state and hence conduct electricity to a large extent. For example, strong acids (HCl, HNO3, H2S04 etc.), strong bases (NaOH and KOH etc.) and most of the inorganic salts in fused state, (NaCl, NH4Cl etc.).

        Weak electrolytes : These are those substances which ionizes to a small extent into ions in solution phase and hence conduct electricity to a small extent. For example, weak acids such as CH3COOH,HCN, H2CO3 etc. and weak bases such as NH4OH, Ca(OH)) etc.

         Moderate Electrolytes : These are those substances which exhibit an intermediate behaviour between strong and weak electrolytes. For example, trichloroacetic acid (ClCHCOOH) etc.

        Non-electrolytes : Substances like sugar, urea, alcohol, glycerine etc. which do not conduct electricity (even in solution) are called non-electrolytes. These substances do not give ions when dissolved in solve or in molten state. Hence, they are unable to conduct electricity. 

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