History of blood transfusion |First blood transfusion

Historical Aspect of Blood transfusion :

first Blood transfusion
The earliest mention in the history of Blood transfusion was in the year 1492 where an attempt was made to save the life of old Pope The Innocent  V Ill. Blood from three ten years children was taken out and transfused to Pope resulting in death  of all the three children and also the Pope. In 1667, Dr. Richard Lower at Oxford, England transfused sheep blood to a man named Artur Coga
 with a view to cure him from madness. The man was given 20 schillings to undergo this experiment. In the same year in 1667 calf blood was transfused to a maniac, Anthony Du Maroy of 34  years age, resulted a classical haemolytic transfusion  reaction and death of the person. The court then banned all future transfusion.  Since Landsteiner's 4iscovery of blood group antigens in 1901. It became a milestone in the history of blood transfusion. In 1937, Rous — Plürner was first introduce citrate — Glucose solution as anticoagulant and

 storage of blood was possible upto 7 days during the world war-I. In the same year 1937, Bernard Fantus established first Blood Bank at Chikago in 'Cook  Country Hospital' who collected blood citrate solution stored in refregerator, transported in ice box and made transfusion possible in many  hospitals. In 1939, Landsteiner once again highlighted the of Rh group system to minimise all sort of incompitabflity reacdons.Wiå die introduction of ACD (Acid Citrfte soludon in 1943 by Loutit and Mollison could have been stored upto 21 days which was of immense value during the second world war. After the second world war, the Korean war, the Vietnam war, the Chinese aggression, Indo-pak conflict in 1965 and 1971 blood transfusion and banking system played a vital role for the

 humanity all over the world.

Who can donate blood ?

Donors Criteria :
following criterias should be fulfilled before transfusion :
 l. Age                                         18 to 60 years
 2. sex                       Both healthy male and female      
                         can donate blood, but female should
     not be bled during menstruation and pregnancy. 
 3. Hemoglobin                  Should not be less than
                                              12.5gm%
 4. Weight.                  Should not bc less than 45 kg
 5. Hypersensitivity of diseases .--       Persons who
                                     suffered from or in contact
                                     with or carriers of Hepatitis,
                                  Syphilis,
 Malaria or other communicable diseases arc not selected.

Deferment of Blood donation :

 Blood donation is defered in following conditions :
1) Abortion                                     6 months
2) History of blood transfusion.      6 months 
3) Alcoholism                           Till intoxicated
4) Minor surgery                              6 months
5) Major surgery                              6 months
6) Typhoid                            6 months after recovery
7) History of malaria duely treated       3 months                                                                 
                                                             (Endemic)
                                                      3 years (Epidemic)                                                                 

 8) Tattoo                                         6 months
9) Acute nephritis                 6 months after recovery   

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